As we all know, reasonable rotation can effectively prevent soil-borne pests and diseases; but in the actual planting process, few agricultural friends can do this. If it is not properly managed, it will cause soil-borne diseases.
It is even more difficult to implement on crops that are not resistant to continuous cropping such as watermelon, garlic, tomato, cucumber, and pepper. In addition, soil conditions in some areas are limited, and fewer crops can be planted, making it even more difficult to use such planting measures. Once the soil-borne diseases and insect pests occur, the production will be reduced and the quality will be reduced.
Most agricultural friends use a single method to control soil-borne diseases and insect pests.
Most agricultural friends use a relatively simple means to control soil-borne diseases and insect pests. This will not only have little effect, but will also aggravate the hazard. Most agricultural friends say that the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases and insect pests directly says: What medicines I use, or the best medicines! Under this kind of thinking, it is doomed to make effective prevention and control of soil-borne diseases. At present, the comprehensive prevention and control we have been advocating, its practicality in the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases and insect pests, the effect is very good. In the comprehensive prevention and control, what we mainly need to do is to rationally irrigate the fertilizer and water. The application of fertilizer and water, especially the application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, is actually to ensure sufficient soil microbial base. Why is it difficult to develop soil-borne pests and diseases in newly developed soil? Because in the newly developed soil, soil microbes are rich and diverse, which can inhibit soil-borne diseases and insects; however, poorly managed, improperly fertilized fields or old fields that cannot be rotated, It is easy to become the hardest hit area for soil-borne pests and diseases.
Therefore, in order to prevent soil-borne diseases, we should do this!
1 Reasonable cooperation of organic fertilizer and microbial agent. The sufficient supply of organic fertilizer can ensure the reproduction of microorganisms, and then supplement microbial agents to increase the proportion of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, thereby suppressing harmful microorganisms, thereby promoting the overall benign and beneficial breeding of soil microorganisms. For soils where soil-borne pests and diseases are more serious, we should combine the application of organic fertilizers with microbial agents to increase the proportion of beneficial microorganisms. For example, the number of beneficial and harmful microorganisms in the soil is like fighting between the two countries. The beneficial microorganisms exist to protect crops; the harmful microorganisms are to destroy crops. When the number of harmful microorganisms is more, the beneficial microorganisms will be suppressed, resulting in more serious soil-borne pests and diseases; therefore, we must promptly "airborne paratroopers" to supplement the fighting ability of beneficial microorganisms.
2 The amount of NPK should not be too large. When the concentration of these three elements is too large, it is easy to cause the concentration of the soil solution to be too high, and the beneficial microorganisms are dehydrated and died. Therefore, when fertilizing, it is necessary to control according to the needs of the crop.
3 The control of soil moisture is also important. For most crop fields, a relative humidity control between 60% and 75% is most suitable. Very few crops, such as water spinach, semi-aquatic plants, succulents, etc. In terms of watering methods, we prefer to use drip irrigation, which is more conducive to improving soil permeability and reducing soil compaction and salinization. At the same time, it is also possible to control the amount of water applied to the fertilizer according to the actual needs of the crop, so as to alleviate the effects of soil-borne diseases and insect pests.
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