At present, the annual production of domestic biological pesticides is 120,000 tons, and the area of ​​control is 26.7 million hectares, accounting for about 5% of the pesticide market. There are more than 200 enterprises producing microbial pesticides, plant-derived pesticides and biochemical pesticides, and more than 1,700 companies producing antibiotics. Most of the production enterprises produce bio-pesticides and also produce chemical pesticides. There are more than 90 kinds of active ingredients for bio-pesticide registration, and about 3,000 registered products, of which antibiotic products account for about 70% of the total number of registered products. Biological pesticide products account for about 11% to 13% of the total number of pesticides registered in China.
Microbial pesticide
There are 27 active ingredients and about 300 products. The main commercial products are: Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus. The newly registered products are: Myxobacteria nuclear polyhedrosis virus, Brassica californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, Brevibacterium bacillus, Trichoderma.
Table 1 Registered microbial pesticide varieties
Chinese common name | Number of products | manufacturer | Pesticide category |
Bacillus subtilis | 17 | 12 | Fungicide |
Bacillus licheniformis | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Pseudomonas fluorescens | 3 | 3 | Fungicide |
Bacillus cereus | twenty three | 15 | Fungicide |
Trichoderma | 5 | 2 | Fungicide |
Bacillus thuringiensis | 181 | 68 | Insecticide |
Helicoverpa armigera NPV | twenty three | 15 | Insecticide |
Spodoptera litura NPV | 4 | 3 | Insecticide |
Spodoptera litura NPV | 4 | 3 | Insecticide |
Myxobacteria nuclear polyhedrosis virus | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Plutella xylostella virus | 1 | 2 | Insecticide |
Grassland caterpillar nuclear polyhedrosis virus NPV | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Tea nucleopolyhedrovirus | 3 | 2 | Insecticide |
Brassica californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Short-lived bacillus | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Bacillus sphaericus | 3 | 2 | Hygienic insecticide |
Prion | 1 | 1 | Hygienic insecticide |
Biochemical pesticide
There are 21 active ingredients and more than 300 products. Recently registered new products are: amino oligosaccharide, chitosan, eugenol, aminoacyl propionate, boscalid. In addition, a variety of insect attractant products such as P. sinensis attractant, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant, Spodoptera litura sex attractant, Chilo suppressive attractant, and orange flies attractant have been applied for field trials.
Table 2 Registered biochemical pesticide varieties
Chinese common name | Number of products | manufacturer | Pesticide category |
Insectene | 4 | 4 | Hygienic insecticide |
Pyridylamine | 5 | 1 | Fungicide (plant health) |
Sinamide hydrochloride (bacterial acid) | 9 | 8 | Fungicide |
Indole acetic acid/butyric acid | 18 | 11 | Plant Growth Regulator |
S -Elicitin | 9 | 2 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Triacontanol | 18 | 15 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Ethephon | 94 | 88 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Gibberellin | 57 | twenty two | Plant Growth Regulator |
Mushroom proteoglycan | 2 | 2 | Fungicide, inducer |
Amino oligosaccharide | twenty three | 16 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Chitosan (chitin) | 6 | 4 | Fungicide |
Humic acid | 3 | 3 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Aminoacylpropionate | 2 | 1 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Eugenol | 5 | 5 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Pear small heartworm pheromone | 1 | 1 | Insect attractant |
Spodoptera litura sex attractant (cis-9 anti-11, 12-tetradecene acetate) | 1 | 1 | Insect attractant |
Botanical pesticide
There are 19 active ingredients and more than 200 products. The main varieties are: nicotine, rotenone, matrine, pyrethrum, azadirachtin, brassinolide, and allicin.
Table 3 Registered plant-derived pesticide varieties
Chinese common name | Number of products | manufacturer | Pesticide category |
Nicotine | 13 | 15 | Insecticide |
Wood nicotine | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Hundred base | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Matrine | 62 | 57 | Insecticide |
Oxymatrine | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Bone lactone | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Alizarin | 15 | 10 | Insecticide |
Rotenone | 16 | 12 | Insecticide |
Artemisinin | 1 | 2 | Insecticide |
Cucurbitine | 2 | 4 | Insecticide |
Brassinosteroid lactone | 1 | 2 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Tetramine | 1 | 1 | Rodenticide |
Different horn twist | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Tea saponin | 2 | 3 | Insecticide |
Citral | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Brassinolide | 38 | 27 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Zeatin | 6 | 6 | Plant Growth Regulator |
Huang Wei | 1 | 2 | Fungicide |
Scopolamine | 2 | 4 | Insecticide |
Strychnine | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Camphor | 25 | 19 | Insecticide |
Allicin | 20 | 17 | Fungicide |
Antibiotic pesticide
There are 21 active ingredients and more than 2,200 products. The main products are: avermectin, Jinggangmycin, Chunleimycin. Recently registered new products are: zhongshengmycin, ningnanmycin, ivermectin (nematocidal, health).
Table 4 Registered antibiotic pesticides
Chinese common name | Number of products | manufacturer | Pesticide category |
Chunleimycin | 73 | 67 | Fungicide |
Polymycin | 55 | 3 | Fungicide |
Polychlortetracycline | twenty one | 11 | Insecticide |
Cycloheximide | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Jinggangmycin | 197 | 154 | Fungicide |
Agricultural streptomycin sulfate | 3 | 2 | Fungicide |
Ash | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Tetramycin (梧å®mycin) | 2 | 1 | Fungicide |
Mesomycin | 15 | 5 | Fungicide |
Ningnanmycin | 4 | 1 | Fungicide |
Princess citrinin | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Wuyimycin | 1 | 1 | Fungicide |
Huaguangmycin | 1 | 1 | Insecticide |
Liuyangmycin | 1 | 2 | Acaricide |
Avermectin | 1,367 | >1,000 | Insecticide |
Emamectin benzoate | 406 | >300 | Insecticide |
Shensinmycin | 4 | 3 | Fungicide |
Ivermectin | 2 | 1 | Insecticide |
Natural enemy biological pesticide
Trichogramma and P. acuminata products have been registered and commercialized in China, and 4 kinds of products have been registered, mainly insecticidal egg cards and insecticidal egg bags. The main products are natural enemies: Trichogramma (Trichogramma), japonicus (Anastatussp).
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