Nutritional composition of laying hens
1, energy adjustment
When the ambient temperature is too low, the maintenance needs of the laying hen, feed intake and nutrient conversion efficiency will change, and the formula should be adjusted accordingly. The suitable temperature for adult laying hens is about 18~25°C. The appropriate temperature is the standard. For every 1°C decrease in ambient temperature, the average free feed intake of chickens will increase by 1.5%, while the maintenance needs will increase by 1.5%, although the proportion is increased. The same, but the energy needs to account for about 60% to 70% of the total energy needs, and the energy required for production accounts for 30% to 40%. So the total energy intake is increased relative to the normal temperature, then can we properly reduce the energy concentration? the answer is negative. According to research and analysis, the energy consumption of production in the cold environment has also increased to some extent. In addition, the energy of feed energy such as winter corn is higher than usual, and the amount of water is not reduced. Therefore, the correct way to maintain energy in winter is to keep the energy unchanged or slightly improve. .
2, protein and other nutrient adjustment
As mentioned above, in the low temperature season, the feed intake of laying hens has increased, that is to say, when the formula is unchanged, the protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamins purchased are correspondingly improved, and the energy can satisfy the laying hens. In normal growth and production, there is a certain amount of waste, especially in the feed. Therefore, from the perspective of cost, the concentration in the batch material can be correspondingly reduced, and the protein is generally lowered by 0.4 to 0.6 percentage points. That is to say, the protein content of the original feed can be adjusted from 15.8% to 16.3% to 15.4% to 15.7%, but in order to ensure the production performance of the laying hen, other substances such as calcium, phosphorus, vitamins, etc. can remain unchanged or slightly improve.
3, the application of special additives
(1), vitamin c
The hens are warm and cold. During the cold and low temperature season, physical fitness and production performance are declining, consumption is increased, egg production is reduced, and respiratory infections such as colds are prone to occur. Vitamin C has anti-infective, detoxifying and anti-stress effects, can increase chicken resistance to cold and disease, prevent infectious diseases, and increase egg production rate. Adding 5 grams of vitamin C per 100 kilograms of chicken feed can reduce feed consumption and increase egg production rate.
(2), vitamin e
Low temperatures in winter can cause ovarian performance in laying hens to decline and egg production to decrease. Adding vitamin E to the hen's feed can enhance ovarian metabolic function and increase egg production rate.
(3), vitamin d
It promotes the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus, and promotes the formation of bones and eggshells. Its main source is sun exposure, which produces vitamin D after exposure to ultraviolet light in the sun. In winter, there is less light, and in addition to cages, chickens are not able to receive outdoor light, and timely vitamin D supplementation is essential.
(4), calcium
It can promote bone growth and the composition of eggshells. The chicken body is deficient in calcium, and the soft ones are soft shell eggs. In severe cases, the toes will twitch and endanger life. In winter, the temperature is low and the sunshine is short, and the demand for calcium in chickens is correspondingly increased. It is extremely important to supplement calcium in chickens. The daily calcium requirement of laying hens is 2.7~3.4g. The calcium source feed should be selected as follows: 1 stone powder, ie limestone powder, is natural calcium carbonate. It usually contains 38% pure calcium and is the cheapest mineral feed for calcium supplementation. 2 shell powder, containing calcium carbonate 96%, equivalent to 38% calcium, rapid calcium supplementation effect.
Note that the nutritional adjustment of chickens is based on
The main method of controlling the egg production rate of new chickens is to adjust the ratio of protein and carbohydrate in the diet. The protein content of the feed before the laying of the new chicken should be kept at 16%~16.5%, and the metabolic energy should be kept at 2700~2750 kcal/kg. When the egg production rate of new chickens reaches 50% or more, the protein content in the feed should be reduced to 15% to 15.5%, and the metabolic energy should be increased by 2800 to 2850 kcal/kg. In the middle and late January of next year, the protein content in the feed will be increased to 15.5%~16.5%, and the metabolic energy will be reduced to 2700~2750 kcal/kg. In this way, the new laying hens can continue to mature and increase the egg production, which is more conducive to the breeding and production of good breeders in the coming year.
Effective feeding method
In the cold winter, the chicken needs more calories. The chicken should be fed with hot water and warm water. At the very least, the feed to be fed is controlled at room temperature. Adding the right amount of salt to the chicken drinking water can increase the appetite and drinking water and increase the egg production rate. It is also possible to add ore to the feed to increase the digestibility of the chicken. It is also possible to feed the pellets at night to prevent nighttime hunger and cold, to increase the intake of energy and improve the ability of the laying hens to maintain high egg production levels.
Finally, it is hoped that conditional chicken farmers will try to buy standard commercial laying hen feed to feed the higher-quality feed manufacturers. Whether the feed formula for winter laying hens is suitable, the simpler method is to adjust the feed formula according to the chicken feeding standard during the period of weight and egg production. The reasonable adjustment of winter formula will directly affect your economy. Benefits cannot be ignored.
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