Carbon fiber can be obtained by carbonization of polyacrylonitrile fiber, asphalt fiber, viscose fiber or phenolic fiber respectively; it is divided into filament, short fiber and chopped fiber according to state; it is divided into general type and high performance type according to mechanical properties. The general-purpose carbon fiber has a strength of 1000 MPa and a modulus of about 100 GPa. The high-performance carbon fiber is further divided into a high-strength type (strength 2000 MPa, modulus 250 GPa) and a high model (modulus 300 GPa or more). An ultra-high-strength type with a strength greater than 4000 MPa and a super-high model with a modulus greater than 450 GPa. With the development of the aerospace and aviation industries, high-strength and high-stretch carbon fibers have emerged with an elongation of more than 2%. The largest amount is polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber.
The carbon fibers currently used more commonly are polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber and asphalt carbon fiber. The production of carbon fiber includes four processes of fiber spinning, heat stabilization (pre-oxidation), carbonization, and graphitization. The accompanying chemical changes include dehydrogenation, cyclization, pre-oxidation, oxidation, and deoxidation.
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