Internal combustion engines have been criticized for their low energy conversion efficiency, and scientists have been trying to improve this situation. Recently, Chinese and American scientists have jointly developed a nano-generator that can harvest energy from the friction between the wheels of the car and the ground. It is expected to recover the energy that was previously wasted. The device is said to increase the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by at least 10%. Related papers were published in the recently published issue of Nano Energy.
Wang Xudong, associate professor of materials and engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and his doctoral student, Mao Yanchao, have conducted a one-year study on this device. They believe that this is a new approach to energy reuse, and nano-generators will eventually provide automakers with an innovative way to get better energy efficiency.
The triboelectric effect refers to the charging phenomenon caused by two different objects due to contact and friction. Nano-generators rely on this triboelectric effect to derive electrical energy from changes in the potential difference between the road surface and the wheels of the vehicle. Wang Xudong said: "Nano-generators provide a good way to collect the energy that is usually wasted. The friction between the tire and the ground consumes about 10% of the fuel. This energy is almost wasted. Therefore, if we can convert it into electricity again, it will greatly improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle."
It is understood that such nanogenerators rely on segmented electrodes integrated into the wheels to generate electricity. When the surface of the tire is in contact with the road surface, the friction of the two surfaces generates electric charges due to the triboelectric effect. In the initial experiment, Wang Xudong and his colleagues used toy cars and LEDs to prove the concept. They attach the electrodes to the wheels of the toy car and illuminate the LED lights as the toy car travels on the ground. Experiments have shown that the electrical energy generated by the friction-induced electronic motion is sufficient to drive the LED lights, which can be collected and reused.
The researchers also determined that the efficiency of this frictional power generation is closely related to the weight and speed of the car. Depending on the vehicle and its driving conditions, there will be a corresponding change in the amount of power generated, but overall it is estimated that this device will increase the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by at least 10%.
Wang Xudong said: "This type of energy has enormous potential. We believe that the full use of these energy is of great significance."
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